This initiative issued by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institute on Aging (NIA), and Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS), NIH, will renew a Funding Opportunity Announcements (FOA) (R21) to encourage submission of exploratory or developmental research applications on the role of nutrition and diet in the causation, prevention, and treatment of cardiomyopathies and heart failure. Mechanistic, translational, and applied interdisciplinary research applications in humans or animals are of interest. The overall goal is to develop a satisfactory science base for rational nutritional management of patients in various stages of heart failure and for preventive approaches in high-risk individuals.